Four Levels

Roast level is one decision made by the roaster that affects everything that follows — acidity, body, sweetness, origin character, and which brew methods work best. It is not a scale of quality. It is a trade-off: as roast increases, origin flavors give way to roast flavors, acidity drops, and body shifts. Understanding where those trade-offs happen is how you choose the right coffee for your cup.

Med-Light
City / City+
Medium
Full City
Med-Dark
Full City+
Dark
Vienna / French
Acidity
Body
Sweetness
Origin
Roast char
Acidity
Body
Sweetness
Origin
Roast char
Acidity
Body
Sweetness
Origin
Roast char
Acidity
Body
Sweetness
Origin
Roast char

The bean color gradient above each column is illustrative — green beans move through cinnamon, to light brown, to dark chocolate, to near-black as roast develops. The oils you can see on a dark-roasted bean's surface are sucrose caramelisation products pushed out by the heat.

Inside the Drum

The Physics of Roasting — First Crack to Second Crack

Roast level is defined by where in the roasting process the roaster stops the heat. Two physical events — first crack and second crack — are the primary markers the roaster uses to navigate.

Roasting Stages — Temperature Markers
~160°C Drying
Moisture evaporation Green bean loses its remaining moisture — typically 8–12% water content. The bean turns from green to yellow to light tan. No significant flavor development yet. This phase sets the foundation for what follows.
~196°C First Crack
The audible pop — roasting begins in earnest Steam and CO₂ pressure inside the bean causes an audible cracking sound — similar to popcorn. Sugars begin caramelising. Maillard reactions accelerate. Acidity peaks just after first crack. Stopping here produces Med-Light roast: bright, fruit-forward, high origin clarity.
~205°C Development
Caramel sweetness and body development window The period between first and second crack is the roaster's primary development window. Acidity falls, body increases, caramel and chocolate notes emerge. Medium roast stops here — balanced acidity and body, caramel sweetness, origin character still present. Most versatile profile for all brew methods.
~224°C Second Crack
Cell structure breakdown — roast character takes over A second, quieter crack as the bean's cellular structure fractures more deeply. Oils migrate to the surface. Roast notes (smoke, chocolate, bittersweet) dominate. Med-Dark stops just before or at the start of second crack. Dark roast continues well into or past it — origin character largely replaced by roast character.

Profile by Profile

What Each Roast Level Delivers

Med-Light
City / City+
Acidity
Body
Sweetness

Bright, fruit-forward, tea-like body. Origin flavors at full expression. Floral and fruity notes preserved. Best for single origins with complex terroir — pour over and filter methods.

Simple Coffee products

No current products at this level — available in seasonal lots.

Medium
Full City
Acidity
Body
Sweetness

Balanced acidity and body. Caramel sweetness develops. Origin character present but roast notes beginning to emerge. The most versatile profile — works across all brew methods.

Simple Coffee products

Jazz · Sunrise · Winona
Espresso Med Thai · Espresso Med Import

Med-Dark
Full City+
Acidity
Body
Sweetness

Deeper body, roast character present alongside remaining origin notes. Chocolate and caramel dominant. Works well for espresso, French press, and milk-based drinks.

Simple Coffee products

Hill Tribe · Forest · Artisan · Everest
Honey · Eagle · West · Holiday
Espresso Med-Drk Thai · Espresso Med-Drk Import

Dark
Vienna / French
Acidity
Body
Sweetness

Low acidity. Roast, smoke, and bittersweet dominate. Origin character largely replaced by roast character. Best for espresso blends and milk-based drinks where roast boldness is the goal.

Simple Coffee products

Espresso Drk Thai

The Trade-Off

Acidity and Body Across the Roast Curve

The relationship between roast level, acidity, and body follows a predictable curve — with one important exception at the dark end.

Relative Intensity Across Roast Levels

High
Med-Light Medium Med-Dark Dark
Low
↑ Acidity
Light
Med-Light Medium Med-Dark Dark
Heavy
↑ Body

Note the body curve: it rises steadily from Med-Light through Med-Dark, then drops slightly at Dark. Very dark roasts break down the bean's cellular structure to the point where body becomes thinner again — bold and intense, but not the heaviest mouthfeel. French press brewing restores some of that body regardless of roast level.

Simple Coffee Dot Scale

Where Our Products Sit on the Roast Scale

Every Simple Coffee bag carries a dot scale — one to four filled circles — that maps directly to the four roast levels above. Here is the full product map.

Med-Light

Available seasonally in single-origin lots.

Medium

Jazz · Sunrise · Winona
Espresso Med Thai
Espresso Med Import

Med-Dark

Hill Tribe · Forest · Artisan
Everest · Honey · Eagle
West · Holiday
Espresso Med-Drk Thai
Espresso Med-Drk Import

Dark

Espresso Drk Thai

Most Simple Coffee products sit at Med-Dark — the balance point where Northern Thailand Arabica's natural sweetness and body are fully developed without losing the origin character that direct trade sourcing is meant to preserve.

Tool

Freshness Calculator

Roast level affects freshness windows. Check your coffee's exact status — Fresh, Use Soon, Past Peak, or Expired — with the consume-by date.

Check Freshness →
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